Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 2 of 8

§175

Tassa vā nattaṃ sabbattha

Optionally, everywhere, [there is] ‘n’ of ‘t’.

Text and translation

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175. 212. Tassa vā nattaṃ sabbattha (361)

[Tassa + vā + nattaṃ + sabbattha = 4 words]

Tassa sabbanāmassa takārassa nattaṃ hoti vā sabbattha liṅgesu.

Nāya, tāya; naṃ (Khu. i, 308), taṃ; ne (DhA. i, 6), te; nesu, tesu; namhi, tamhi; nāhi, tāhi; nābhi, tābhi.

Optionally, everywhere, [there is] ‘n’ of ‘t’.
Optionally, in all the genders, the letter ‘t’ of the pronoun “ta” becomes ‘n’.
  1. Nāya = tā + nā (‘t’ of “ta” becomes ‘n’ (§175); ‘nā’ becomes ‘āya’ (§111); ‘ā’ of “nā” is elided (§83)).
  2. Naṃ = ta + aṃ (‘t’ of “ta” becomes ‘n’ (§175); ‘a’ of ‘na’ is elided (§83)).
  3. Ne = ta + yo (‘t’ of “ta” becomes ‘n’ (§175); ‘yo’ becomes ‘e’ (§164); ‘a’ of “na” is elided (§83)).
  4. Nesu = ta + su (‘t’ of “ta” becomes ‘n’ (§175); ‘a’ of “na” becomes ‘e’ (§101)).
  5. Namhi = ta + smiṃ (‘t’ of “ta” becomes ‘n’ (§175); ‘smiṃ’ becomes ‘mhi’ (§99)).
  6. Nāhi = tā + hi (‘t’ of “tā” becomes ‘n’ (§175)).
  7. Nābhi = tā + hi (‘t’ of “tā” becomes ‘n’ (§175); ‘hi’ becomes ‘bhi’ (§99)).

Parallel forms (with §175 applied / not applied):

  1. Nāya, tāya
  2. Naṃ, taṃ
  3. Ne, te
  4. Nesu, tesu
  5. Namhi, tamhi
  6. Nāhi, tāhi
  7. Nābhi, tābhi

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.