Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 2 of 8

§217

Yonaṃ ni napuṃsakehi

After the neuter bases, [there is] ‘ni’ of ‘yo’.

Text and translation

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217. 199. Yonaṃ ni napuṃsakehi (444)

[Yonaṃ + ni + napuṃsakehi = 3 words]

Sabbesaṃ yonaṃ ni hoti vā napuṃsakehi liṅgehi.

Aṭṭhīni, aṭṭhī; āyūni, āyū. Napuṃsakehī ti kimatthaṃ? Itthiyo.

After the neuter bases, [there is] ‘ni’ of ‘yo’.
Optionally, after the neuter bases, all the ‘yo’ become ‘ni’.
Examples
  1. Aṭṭhīni = aṭṭhi + yo (‘yo’ is substituted by ‘ni’ (§217); ‘i’ is lengthened (§88)).
  2. Aṭṭhī = aṭṭhi + yo (‘yo’ is elided (§118); ‘i’ is lengthened (§88)).
  3. Āyūni = āyu + yo (‘yo’ is substituted by ‘ni’ (§217); ‘u’ is lengthened (§88)).
  4. Āyū = āyu + yo (‘yo’ is elided (§118); ‘u’ is lengthened (§88)).

What is the purpose of saying “after the neuter [bases]”? [This sutta does not apply when there are no neuter bases, such as in:] itthiyo.

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.