Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 2 of 8

§209

Pitādīnam asimhi

When [an inflection] other than ‘si’ follows, of “pitu”, etc.

Text and translation

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209. 168. Pitādīnam asimhi (425)

[Pitu-ādīnaṃ + asimhi = 2 words]

Pitādīnam ārādeso rassam āpajjate asimhi vibhattimhi.

Pitarā, mātarā, bhātarā, dhītarā, pitaro, mātaro, bhātaro, dhītaro.

Asimhiggahaṇam tomhi pare ikārādesañāpanatthaṃ. Mātito (D. i, 106), pitito (D. i, 106), bhātito, duhitito.

When [an inflection] other than ‘si’ follows, of “pitu”, etc.
When an inflection other than ‘si’ follows, the substitution ‘āra’ of “pitu”, etc., is shortened.
Examples
  1. Pitarā = pitu + nā (‘u’ of “pitu” becomes ‘āra’ (§200); ‘nā’ is substituted by ‘ā’ (§207); ‘ā’ of “āra” is shortened (§209); ‘a’ is elided (§83)).
  2. Mātarā = mātu + nā (‘u’ of “mātu” becomes ‘āra’ (§200); ‘nā’ is substituted by ‘ā’ (§207); ‘ā’ of “āra” is shortened (§209); ‘a’ is elided (§83)).
  3. Bhātarā = bhātu + nā (‘u’ of “bhātu” becomes ‘āra’ (§200); ‘nā’ is substituted by ‘ā’ (§207); ‘ā’ of “āra” is shortened (§209); ‘a’ is elided (§83)).
  4. Dhītarā = dhītu + nā (‘u’ of “dhītu” becomes ‘āra’ (§200); ‘nā’ is substituted by ‘ā’ (§207); ‘ā’ of “āra” is shortened (§209); ‘a’ is elided (§83)).
  5. Pitaro = pitu + yo (‘u’ of “pitu” becomes ‘āra’ (§200); ‘yo’ is substituted by ‘o’ (§205); ‘ā’ of “āra” is shortened (§209); ‘a’ is elided (§83)).
  6. Mātaro = mātu + yo (‘u’ of “mātu” becomes ‘āra’ (§200); ‘yo’ is substituted by ‘o’ (§205); ‘ā’ of “āra” is shortened (§209); ‘a’ is elided (§83)).
  7. Bhātaro = bhātu + yo (‘u’ of “bhātu” becomes ‘āra’ (§200); ‘yo’ is substituted by ‘o’ (§205); ‘ā’ of “āra” is shortened (§209); ‘a’ is elided (§83)).
  8. Dhītaro = dhītu + yo (‘u’ of “dhītu” becomes ‘āra’ (§200); ‘yo’ is substituted by ‘o’ (§205); ‘ā’ of “āra” is shortened (§209); ‘a’ is elided (§83)).

The taking of “asimhi” is for showing the substitution ‘i’ when ‘to’ follows.

Examples
  1. Mātito = mātu + to (‘u’ of “mātu” is substituted by ‘i’ (“asimhi” in §209)).
  2. Pitito = pitu + to (‘u’ of “pitu” is substituted by ‘i’ (“asimhi” in §209)).
  3. Bhātito = bhātu + to (‘u’ of “bhātu” is substituted by ‘i’ (“asimhi” in §209)).
  4. Duhitito = duhitu + to (‘u’ of “duhitu” is substituted by ‘i’ (“asimhi” in §209)).

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.