Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 2 of 8

§185

Santasaddassa so bhe bo c’ ante

When ‘bh’ follows, [there is] ‘sa’ of the word “santa”, and ‘b’ at the end.

Text and translation

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185. 112. Santasaddassa so bhe bo c’ ante (378)

[Santasaddassa + so + bhe + bo + ca + ante = 6 words]

Sabbassa santasaddassa sakārādeso hoti bhakāre pare, ante ca bakārāgamo hoti.

Sabbhir eva samāsetha,
Sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ,
Sataṃ saddhammam aññāya,
Seyyo hoti na pāpiyo (S. i, 16).
One should associate only with the good, one should cultivate intimacy with the good; having understood the true Dhamma of the good, one becomes better, not worse.
Jīranti ve rājaratha sucittā,
Atho sarīram pi jaraṃ upeti,
Satañ ca dhammo na jaraṃ upeti,
Santo have sabbhi pavedayanti (Khu. i, 36).
The well-adorned chariots of kings wear out, and the body too comes to old age. But the Dhamma of the good does not come to old age; this the good proclaim among the good.

Sabbhūto (being good), sabbhāvo (state/condition of the good).

Bhe ti kimatthaṃ? Santehi pūjito Bhagavā.

Caggahaṇaṃ kvaci sakārass’ eva pasiddhatthaṃ. Sakkāro, sakkato.

When ‘bh’ follows, [there is] ‘sa’ of the word “santa”, and ‘b’ at the end.
When ‘bh’ follows, the whole word “santa” is substituted by ‘sa’, and at the end ‘b’ is inserted.
Examples
  1. Sabbhi = santa + hi (‘hi’ is substituted by ‘bhi’ (§99); “santa” is substituted by ‘sa’ (§185); ‘b’ is inserted (§185)).

What is the purpose of saying “when ‘bh’ follows”? [This sutta does not apply when ‘bh’ does not follow, such as in:] Santehi pūjito Bhagavā.

The taking of “ca” is, sometimes, for the substitution by ‘sa’ alone to take place. Sakkāro, sakkato.

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.