Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 2 of 8

§184

Sa sare v’ āgamo

Optionally, when there is a vowel, [there is] insertion of ‘s’.

Text and translation

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184. 96. Sa sare v’ āgamo (376)

[Sa + sare + vā + āgamo = 4 words]

Eteh’ eva manogaṇādīhi vibhattādese sare pare sakārāgamo hoti vā.

Manasā, vacasā; manasi, vacasi.

Vā ti kimatthaṃ? Manena, tejena, yasena.

Sare ti kimatthaṃ? Mano, tejo, yaso.

Puna ādiggahaṇena aññasmim pi paccaye pare sakārāgamo hoti. Mānasikaṃ, vācasikaṃ (Abhi. ii, 255).

Optionally, when there is a vowel, [there is] insertion of ‘s’.
Optionally, after the group “mano” and others, when the vowel substitution of the inflection takes place, ‘s’ is inserted.
Examples
  1. Manasā = mana + nā (‘nā’ is substituted by ‘ā’ (§181); ‘s’ is inserted (§184)).

What is the purpose of saying “optionally”? [To allow exceptions to this sutta, such as in:] Manena, tejena, yasena.

What is the purpose of saying “when there is a vowel”? [This sutta does not apply when the vowel substitution of the inflection does not take place, such as in:] Mano, tejo, yaso.

By taking “ādi” again, ‘s’ is also inserted when other suffixes follow. Mānasikaṃ, vācasikaṃ.

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.