Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 2 of 8

§177

Imasaddassa ca

And of the [base] “ima”.

Text and translation

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177. 221. Imasaddassa ca (363)

[Imasaddassa + ca = 2 words]

Imasaddassa ca sabbass’ eva attaṃ hoti vā sa smā smiṃ saṃ sā icc etesu sabbattha liṅgesu.

Assa, imassa; asmā, imasmā; asmiṃ, imasmiṃ; assaṃ, imissaṃ; assā, imissā.

Imasaddasse ti kimatthaṃ? Etissaṃ, etissā.

And of the [base] “ima”.
Optionally, in all the genders, when the inflections ‘sa’, ‘smā’, ‘smiṃ’, ‘saṃ’ and ‘sā’ follow, the whole [base] “ima” also becomes ‘a’.
  1. Assa = ima + sa (“ima” becomes “a” (§177); ‘s’ is inserted (§61)).
  2. Asmā = ima + smā (“ima” becomes “a” (§177)).
  3. Asmiṃ = ima + smiṃ (“ima” becomes “a” (§177)).
  4. Assaṃ = imā + smiṃ (‘ā’ of “imā” is named ‘gha’ (§60); ‘smiṃ’ becomes ‘saṃ’ (§179); ‘s’ is inserted (§62); “ima” becomes “a” (§177)).
  5. Assā = imā + sa (‘ā’ of “imā” is named ‘gha’ (§60); ‘sa’ becomes ‘sā’ (§179); ‘s’ is inserted (§62); “ima” becomes “a” (§177)).

Parallel forms (with §177 applied / not applied):

  1. Assa, imassa
  2. Asmā, imasmā
  3. Asmiṃ, imasmiṃ
  4. Assaṃ, imissaṃ
  5. Assā, imissā

What is the purpose of saying “of the [base] ‘ima’”? [This sutta does not apply when there is no “ima”, such as in:] Etissaṃ, etissā.

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.