Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 3 of 8
Yo kāreti sa hetu
The one who causes to do, he is “hetu”.
- Kaccāyana 282
- Rūpasiddhi 295
- Saddanīti 550
- Kāraka-Kappa · Chaṭṭha-Kaṇḍa
Text and translation
Read in the chapter →282. 295. Yo kāreti sa hetu (550)
Yo kattāraṃ kāreti, so hetusañño hoti, kattā ca.
So puriso taṃ purisaṃ kammaṃ kāreti; so puriso tena purisena kammaṃ kāreti; so puriso tassa purisassa kammaṃ kāreti. Evaṃ hāreti, pāṭheti, pāceti, dhāreti.
Hetu icc anena kvattho? Dhātūhi ṇe-ṇaya-ṇāpe-ṇāpayā kāritāni hetvatthe.
- So puriso taṃ purisaṃ kammaṃ kāreti (the man causes the man to do the work); so puriso tena purisena kammaṃ kāreti; so puriso tassa purisassa kammaṃ kāreti. (The object of the causative can also be in the third inflection, “tena purisena”, and in the sixth inflection, “tassa purisassa”.)
- Thus with “hāreti”, to cause to carry; “pāṭheti”, to cause to read; “pāceti”, to cause to cook; “dhāreti”, to hold.
What is the use of the name “hetu” (cause)? For the use of the name “hetu” in the sutta “Dhātūhi ṇe-ṇaya-ṇāpe-ṇāpayā kāritāni hetvatthe” (§438). After roots, the causatives ‘ṇe’, ‘ṇaya’, ‘ṇāpe’ and ‘ṇāpaya’ [are used] in the meaning of cause.
Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.
Where it is cited
- Uses of the inflections draft Kacc. §282
Drafts
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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.