Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 1 of 8

§27

Lopañ ca tatrākāro

Elision, and there, the letter ‘a’.

Text and translation

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27. 39. Lopañ ca tatrākāro (66, 163-4)

[Lopaṃ + ca + tatra + a-kāro = 4 words]

Sarā kho byañjane pare kvaci (sometimes) lopaṃ (elision) papponti, tatra ca lope kate akārāgamo hoti.

Sa sīlavā (Khu. i, 25), sa paññavā (Khu. i, 25), esa dhammo sanantano (Khu. i, 14), sa ve kasāvam arahati (Khu. i, 14), sa mānakāmo pi bhaveyya, sa ve muni jātibhayaṃ adassi.

Kvacī ti kasmā? So muni (Khu. i, 52), eso dhammo padissati, na so kāsāvam arahati (Khu. i, 14).

Elision, and there, the letter ‘a’.
When a consonant follows, vowels sometimes are elided, and there, at the place of the elision, the letter ‘a’ is inserted.
Examples: “Sa sīlavā”, “sa paññavā”, “esa dhammo sanantano”, “sa ve kasāvam arahati”, “sa mānakāmo pi bhaveyya”, “sa ve muni jātibhayaṃ adassi”.
Examples [with formation sequence]
Sa sīlavā
Sequence
  1. so sīlavā
  2. s o sīlavā (§10)
  3. s sīlavā, s a sīlavā (§27)
  4. sa sīlavā (§11)
Sa paññavā
Sequence
  1. so paññavā
  2. s o paññavā (§10)
  3. s paññavā, s a paññavā (§27)
  4. sa paññavā (§11)
Esa dhammo
Sequence
  1. eso dhammo
  2. es o dhammo (§10)
  3. es dhammo, es a dhammo (§27)
  4. esa dhammo (§11)
Sa ve
Sequence
  1. so ve
  2. s o ve (§10)
  3. s ve, s a ve (§27)
  4. sa ve (§11)
Sa mānakāmo
Sequence
  1. so mānakāmo
  2. s o mānakāmo (§10)
  3. s mānakāmo, s a mānakāmo (§27)
  4. sa mānakāmo (§11)

Sa ve muni jātibhayaṃ adassi: same as the fourth.

Why say “sometimes”? [To prevent the operation of this rule in the following examples] “So muni”, “eso dhammo padissati”, “na so kāsāvam arahati”.

Counter-examples

“So muni.” Here and in the other counter-examples there is no change.

“Eso dhammo.” No change.

“So kāsāvam.” No change.

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

Where it is cited

Drafts

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.