Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 2 of 8

§152

Pumantass’ ā simhi

When ‘si’ follows, ‘ā’ of the end of “puma”.

Text and translation

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152. 136. Pumantass’ ā simhi (331-2)

[Puma-antassa + ā + simhi = 3 words]

Puma icc evam antassa savibhattissa ā-ādeso hoti simhi vibhattimhi.

Pumā tiṭṭhati.

Simhī ti kimatthaṃ? Pumāno tiṭṭhanti.

Antaggahaṇena maghava yuva icc evam ādīnam antassa savibhattissa ā-ādeso hoti. Maghavā, yuvā.

When ‘si’ follows, ‘ā’ of the end of “puma”.
When the inflection ‘si’ follows, the end vowel of “puma” together with the inflection is substituted by ‘ā’.
Example
  1. Pumā = puma + si (‘a’ of “puma” together with the inflection ‘si’ is substituted by ‘ā’ (§152)).

What is the purpose of saying “when ‘si’ follows”? [This sutta does not apply when ‘si’ does not follow, such as in] pumāno tiṭṭhanti.

Example
  1. Pumāno = puma + yo (‘a’ of “puma” together with ‘yo’ is substituted by ‘āno’ (§155)).

By taking “anta”, the end vowel of “maghava”, “yuva”, etc., together with the inflections is also substituted by ‘ā’.

Examples
  1. Maghavā = maghava + si (‘a’ of “maghava” together with the inflection ‘si’ is substituted by ‘ā’ (§152)).
  2. Yuvā = yuva + si (‘a’ of “yuva” together with the inflection ‘si’ is substituted by ‘ā’ (§152)).

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.