Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 2 of 8

§133

Ti-catunnaṃ tisso catasso tayo cattāro tīṇi cattāri

“Tisso”, “catasso”, “tayo”, “cattāro”, “tīṇi”, “cattāri” [of] “ti” and “catu”.

Text and translation

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133. 230. Ti-catunnaṃ tisso catasso tayo cattāro tīṇi cattāri (311)

[Ti-catunnaṃ + tisso-catasso-tayo-cattāro-tīṇi-cattāri = 2 words]

Ti-catunnaṃ saṅkhyānaṃ itthi-puma-napuṃsake vattamānānaṃ savibhattīnaṃ tisso catasso tayo cattāro tīṇi cattāri icc ete ādesā honti yathāsaṅkhyaṃ yo icc etesu.

Tisso vedanā (D. iii, 181); catasso disā; tayo janā (Khu. v, 196); cattāro purisā; tīṇi āyatanāni; cattāri ariyasaccāni (Khu. i, 3).

Yosv iti kimatthaṃ? Tīsu, catūsu.

“Tisso”, “catasso”, “tayo”, “cattāro”, “tīṇi”, “cattāri” [of] “ti” and “catu”.
When ‘yo’ follows, the numerals “ti” and “catu”, which are feminine, masculine and neuter, together with the inflections are substituted by “tisso”, “catasso”, “tayo”, “cattāro”, “tīṇi” and “cattāri” respectively.
Example
  1. Tisso = ti + yo (“ti”, which is feminine, together with the inflection ‘yo’ is substituted by “tisso” (§133)).
  2. Catasso = catu + yo (“catu”, which is feminine, together with the inflection ‘yo’ is substituted by “catasso” (§133)).
  3. Tayo = ti + yo (“ti”, which is masculine, together with the inflection ‘yo’ is substituted by “tayo” (§133)).
  4. Cattāro = catu + yo (“catu”, which is masculine, together with the inflection ‘yo’ is substituted by “cattāro” (§133)).
  5. Tīṇi = ti + yo (“ti”, which is neuter, together with the inflection ‘yo’ is substituted by “tīṇi” (§133)).
  6. Cattāri = catu + yo (“catu”, which is neuter, together with the inflection ‘yo’ is substituted by “cattāri” (§133)).

What is the purpose of saying “when ‘yo’ follows”? [This sutta does not apply when ‘yo’ does not follow, such as in] tīsu, catūsu.

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.