Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 2 of 8

§132

Yosu dvinnaṃ dve ca

And when ‘yo’ follow, “dve” [of] “dvi”.

Text and translation

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132. 228. Yosu dvinnaṃ dve ca (310)

[Yosu + dvinnaṃ + dve + ca = 4 words]

Dvinnaṃ saṅkhyānaṃ itthi-puma-napuṃsake vattamānānaṃ savibhattīnaṃ dve hoti yo icc etesu.

Dve itthiyo, dve dhammā, dve rūpāni.

Yosv iti kimatthaṃ? Dvīsu.

Caggahaṇena duve dvaya ubha ubhaya duvi ca honti yo nā aṃ naṃ icc etesu. Duve (DA. i, 58) samaṇā. Duve (DA. i, 58) brāhmaṇā. Duve (DA. i, 58) janā. Dvayena, dvayaṃ (Vin. i, 24; VinA. i, 105). Ubhinnaṃ (Khu. v, 18). Ubhayesaṃ, duvinnaṃ.

And when ‘yo’ follow, “dve” [of] “dvi”.
When ‘yo’ follow, the numeral “dvi”, which is feminine, masculine and neuter, together with the inflection is substituted by “dve”.
Example
  1. Dve = dvi + yo (“dvi” together with the inflection ‘yo’ is substituted by “dve” (§132)).

What is the purpose of saying “when ‘yo’ follows”? [This sutta does not apply when ‘yo’ does not follow, such as in] dvīsu.

By taking “ca”, when ‘yo’, ‘nā’, ‘aṃ’ and ‘naṃ’ follow, there are also the substitutions by “duve”, “dvaya”, “ubha”, “ubhaya” and “duvi”.

Examples
  1. Duve samaṇā, duve brāhmaṇā, duve janā.
  2. Dvayena, dvayaṃ.
  3. Ubhinnaṃ.
  4. Ubhayesaṃ, duvinnaṃ.

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.