Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 2 of 8

§77

Tato naṃ aṃ patimh’ ālutte ca samāse

After that [“go”], when ‘pati’ follows in a compound with [the inflection] not elided, ‘aṃ’ of ‘naṃ’.

Text and translation

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77. 175. Tato naṃ aṃ patimh’ ālutte ca samāse (227-8)

[Tato + naṃ + aṃ + patimhi + ālutte + ca + samāse = 7 words]

Tato gosaddato naṃvacanassa aṃādeso hoti, go icc etassa okārassa avādeso hoti patimhi pare ālutte ca samāse.

Gavaṃpati (S. iii, 382).

Alutte ti kimatthaṃ? Gopati.

Caggahaṇena asamāse pi naṃvacanassa aṃādeso hoti, go icc etassa okārassa avādeso hoti.

Gavaṃ.

After that [“go”], when ‘pati’ follows in a compound with [the inflection] not elided, ‘aṃ’ of ‘naṃ’.
When there is a compound with [the inflection] not elided (alutta-samāsa), and when ‘pati’ follows, after the word “go” the inflection ‘naṃ’ is substituted by ‘aṃ’ and ‘o’ of “go” is substituted by ‘ava’.
Example
  1. Gavaṃpati = gonaṃ + pati (‘naṃ’ is substituted by ‘aṃ’ (§77); ‘o’ of “go” is substituted by ‘ava’ (§77); ‘a’ of ‘ava’ is elided (§12)).

What is the purpose of saying “in a compound with [the inflection] not elided”? [This sutta does not apply when there is a compound with elision of the inflection, such as in] gopati.

And by taking “ca”, also when there is no compound, ‘naṃ’ is substituted by ‘aṃ’ and ‘o’ of “go” is substituted by ‘ava’.

Example
  1. Gavaṃ = go + naṃ (‘naṃ’ is substituted by ‘aṃ’ (§77); ‘o’ of “go” is substituted by ‘ava’ (§77)).

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.