Sa ye ca

And when ‘y’, together with [ṃ].

Kaccāyana 33
Rūpasiddhi 51
Saddanīti 141
Sandhi-Kappa · Catuttha-Kaṇḍa

Text and translation

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33. 51. Sa ye ca (141)

[Sa + ye + ca = 3 words]

Niggahitaṃ kho yakāre pare saha yakārena ñakāraṃ pappoti vā.

Saññogo, saññuttaṃ.

Vā ti kasmā? Saṃyogo, saṃyuttaṃ.

And when ‘y’, together with [ṃ].

When the letter ‘y’ follows, the niggahita together with the letter ‘y’ optionally becomes ‘ñ’.

Examples: “Saññogo”, “saññuttaṃ”.

Examples [with formation sequence]

Saññogo: saṃ yogo; sañ ñogo (§33); saññogo (§11) (ME).

Saññuttaṃ: saṃ yuttaṃ; sañ ñuttaṃ (§33); saññuttaṃ (§11) (ME).

Why say “optionally”? [To prevent the operation of this rule in the following examples] “Saṃyogo”, “saṃyuttaṃ”.

Counter-examples

Saṃyogo. Here there are two choices, “saññogo” and “saṃyogo”; but here the speaker chooses to say “saṃyogo”. Therefore ‘ṃ’ together with ‘y’ is not changed to ‘ñ’.

Saṃyuttaṃ. To be understood similarly as “saṃyogo”.

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

Where it is cited

Sandhi — interactive reference §33

Drafts

Classification of the sutta → draft
Analysis following Visuddhāyuṃ → draft

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.