Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 2 of 8

§105

So vā

Optionally, ‘so’.

Text and translation

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105. 0. So vā (273)

[So + vā = 2 words]

Tasmā akārato nāvacanassa so-ādeso hoti vā.

Atthaso dhammaṃ jānāti. Byañjanaso atthaṃ jānāti. Akkharaso. Suttaso (A. ii, 207). Padaso (Vin. ii, 25). Yasaso. Upāyaso. Sabbaso (A. i, 556). Thāmaso. Ṭhānaso.

Vā ti kimatthaṃ? Pādena vā pādārahena vā atirekapādena vā yo bhikkhu theyyacittena parassa bhaṇḍaṃ gaṇhāti, so bhikkhu pārājiko hoti asaṃvāso.

Optionally, ‘so’.
Optionally, after the letter ‘a’, the inflection ‘nā’ is substituted by ‘so’.
Example
  1. Atthaso = attha + nā (‘nā’ is substituted by ‘so’ (§105)).
  2. The formation of the rest of the examples is similar to the previous one.

What is the purpose of saying “optionally”? [This sutta does not always apply, such as in] “Pādena vā pādārahena vā atirekapādena vā yo bhikkhu theyyacittena parassa bhaṇḍaṃ gaṇhāti, so bhikkhu pārājiko hoti asaṃvāso”. Translation: whatever bhikkhu, with the intention of stealing, takes the property of another –whether a quarter of a pāda [coin], or the equivalent of a quarter of a pāda, or more than a quarter of a pāda– that bhikkhu is one who has committed an offence entailing expulsion and can no longer live in communion.

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.