Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 6 of 8

§448

Svādito ṇu-ṇā-uṇā ca

Also after “su” and others, [there are] ‘ṇu’, ‘ṇā’ and ‘uṇā’.

Text and translation

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448. 512. Svādito ṇu-ṇā-uṇā ca (929)

[Su-ādito + ṇu-ṇā-uṇā + ca = 3 words]

Su icc evamādito dhātugaṇato ṇu ṇā uṇā icc ete paccayā honti kattari.

Abhisuṇoti, abhisuṇāti; saṃvuṇoti, saṃvuṇāti; āvuṇoti, āvuṇāti; pāpuṇoti, pāpuṇāti (M. ii, 99).

Also after “su” and others, [there are] ‘ṇu’, ‘ṇā’ and ‘uṇā’.
After the group of roots that begin with “su”, there are the suffixes ‘ṇu’, ‘ṇā’ and ‘uṇā’ in the active voice.
Examples
  1. Abhisuṇoti, abhisuṇāti ([he] hears).
  2. Saṃvuṇoti, saṃvuṇāti ([he] restrains).
  3. Āvuṇoti, āvuṇāti ([he] strings).
  4. Pāpuṇoti, pāpuṇāti ([he] reaches).
Sequence of suṇoti ([he] hears)
  1. su (§457)
  2. su + ti (§414)
  3. su + ṇu + ti (§448)
  4. su + ṇo + ti (§485)
  5. suṇoti (§11)
Sequence of suṇāti ([he] hears)
  1. su (§457)
  2. su + ti (§414)
  3. su + ṇā + ti (§448)
  4. suṇāti (§448)

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.