Pāḷi Grammars
ES

Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 6 of 8

§433

Tija-gupa-kita-mānehi kha-cha-sā vā

Optionally, after “tija”, “gupa”, “kita” and “māna”, [there are] ‘kha’, ‘cha’ and ‘sa’.

Text and translation

Read in the chapter →

433. 528. Tija-gupa-kita-mānehi kha-cha-sā vā (906-9)

[Tija-gupa-kita-mānehi + kha-cha-sā + vā = 3 words]

Tija gupa kita māna icc etehi dhātūhi kha cha sa icc ete paccayā honti vā.

Titikkhati (A. ii, 468; Khu. i, 59), jigucchati (Khu. i, 320; M. ii, 87), tikicchati (Khu. vi, 183), vīmaṃsati (A. ii, 304; Khu. ii, 318).

Vā ti kimatthaṃ? Tejati, gopati, māneti.

Optionally, after “tija”, “gupa”, “kita” and “māna”, [there are] ‘kha’, ‘cha’ and ‘sa’.
Optionally, after the roots “tija” (enduring), “gupa” (feeling aversion), “kita” (curing) and “māna” (investigating), there are the suffixes ‘kha’, ‘cha’ and ‘sa’.
Examples
  1. Titikkhati ([he] endures), jigucchati ([he] feels aversion), tikicchati ([he] cures), vīmaṃsati ([he] investigates).
Sequence of titikkhati
  1. tija (§457)
  2. tij (§521)
  3. tij + kha (§433)
  4. ti + tij + kha (§458)
  5. ti + tik + kha (§473)
  6. ti + tik + kha + ti (§414) = titikkhati (§11)
Sequence of jigucchati
  1. gupa (§457)
  2. tij (§521)
  3. gup + cha (§433)
  4. gu + gup + cha (§458)
  5. gi + gup + cha
  6. ji + gup + cha
  7. ji + guc + cha (§472)
  8. ji + guc + cha + ti (§414) = jigucchati (§11)
Sequence of tikicchati
  1. kita (§457)
  2. tij (§521)
  3. kit + cha (§433)
  4. ki + kit + cha (§458)
  5. ta + kit + cha
  6. ti + kit + cha
  7. ti + kic + cha (§472)
  8. ti + kic + cha + ti (§414) = tikicchati (§11)
Sequence of vīmaṃsati
  1. māna (§457)
  2. tij (§521)
  3. mān + sa (§433)
  4. mā + mān + sa (§458)
  5. mī + mān + sa
  6. vī + mān + sa
  7. vī + maṃ + sa
  8. vī + maṃ + sa + ti (§414) = vīmaṃsati (§11)

What is the purpose of saying “vā” (optionally)? To allow exceptions to the rule such as in the following examples: tejati ([he] sharpens), gopati ([he] protects), māneti ([he] honors).

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

Drafts

Ask about §433

Questions are asked from the analysis following Visuddhāyuṃ (draft): the answer uses this sutta's row and the project's sources. It is for enrolled students and requires signing in.

Ask about §433 →

Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.