Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 5 of 8
Ṇa rāgā tassedam aññatthesu ca
[There is] ‘ṇa’ after “rāga” (dye), in “this is of that” and in other meanings.
- Kaccāyana 352
- Rūpasiddhi 376
- Saddanīti 765
- Taddhita-Kappa · Aṭṭhama-Kaṇḍa
Text and translation
Read in the chapter →352. 376. Ṇa rāgā tassedam aññatthesu ca (765)
Ṇapaccayo hoti vā rāgamhā “tena rattaṃ” icc etasmiṃ atthe, “tass’ edaṃ” aññatthesu ca.
Kasāvena rattaṃ vatthaṃ kāsāvaṃ (Khu. i, 14), kasāvena rattaṃ vatthaṃ vā. Evaṃ kosumbhaṃ, hāliddaṃ (Khu. v, 106), pāṭaṅgaṃ, rattaṅgaṃ, mañjiṭṭhaṃ (M. i, 179), kuṅkumaṃ (DAA. ii, 190).
Sūkarassa idaṃ maṃsaṃ sokaraṃ, sūkarassa idaṃ maṃsaṃ vā. Evaṃ māhiṃsaṃ (Mhvs. 25-6).
Udumbarassa avidūre pavattaṃ vimānaṃ odumbaraṃ, udumbarassa avidūre pavattaṃ vimānaṃ vā.
Vidisāya avidūre nivāso vediso (Khu. i, 432), vidisāya avidūre nivāso vā.
Mathurāya jāto māthuro (M. ii, 270), mathurāya jāto vā.
Mathurāya āgato māthuro, mathurāya āgato vā.
Kattikāya niyutto māso Kattiko (VinA. ii, 298, 308), kattikāya niyutto māso vā. Evaṃ Māgasiro (VinA. i, 163), Phusso (VinA. i, 163), Māgho, Phagguno, Citto, Vesākho, Jeṭṭho (VinA. i, 53), Āsaḷho, Sāvaṇo, Bhaddo, Assayujo (Sārattha-Ṭīkā i, 182).
Na vuddhi nīlapītādo, paccaye saṇakārake. Phakāro phussasaddassa, “siro” ti sirasaṃ vade.
Sikkhānaṃ samūho sikkho, bhikkhānaṃ samūho bhikkho. Evaṃ kāpoto, māyūro, kokilo.
Buddho assa devatā buddho. Evaṃ Bhaddo, Māro, Māhindo, Vessavaṇo, Yāmo, Somo, Nārāyaṇo.
Saṃvaccharam adhīte saṃvaccharo. Evaṃ mohutto, nemitto, aṅgavijjo, veyyākaraṇo (D. i, 82), chando, bhāsso, cando.
Vasādānaṃ visayo deso vāsādo. Evaṃ kumbho, sākunto, ātisāro.
Udumbarā asmiṃ padese santī ti odumbaro. Sāgarehi nibbatto sāgaro. Sāgalam assa nivāso sāgalo. Mathurā assa nivāso māthuro. Mathurāya issaro māthuro. Icc evamādayo yojetabbā.
- Kasāvena rattaṃ vatthaṃ: kāsāvaṃ (a cloth dyed orange). Likewise: kusumbhena rattaṃ vatthaṃ: kosumbhaṃ (a cloth dyed with safflower), haliddāya rattaṃ vatthaṃ: hāliddaṃ (a cloth dyed with turmeric), pāṭaṅgena rattaṃ vatthaṃ: pāṭaṅgaṃ (a cloth dyed with sappan-wood dye), rattaṅgena rattaṃ vatthaṃ: rattaṅgaṃ (a cloth dyed with hibiscus dye), mañjitthāya rattaṃ vatthaṃ: mañjiṭṭhaṃ (a cloth dyed with madder), kuṅkumena rattaṃ vatthaṃ: kuṅkumaṃ (a cloth dyed with saffron).
- Sūkarassa idaṃ maṃsaṃ: sokaraṃ (this flesh is of the pig: pork). Likewise: mahiṃsassa idaṃ maṃsaṃ: māhiṃsaṃ (this flesh is of the buffalo: buffalo meat).
- Udumbarassa avidūre pavattaṃ vimānaṃ: odumbaraṃ (the mansion situated near the fig tree).
- Vidisāya avidūre nivāso: vediso (the dwelling near the intermediate direction).
- Mathurāya jāto: māthuro (born in Mathurā).
- Mathurāya āgato: māthuro (come from Mathurā).
- Kattikāya niyutto māso: Kattiko (the month in conjunction with the constellation Kattikā). Likewise: Magasirena niyutto māso: Māgasiro; Phussena niyutto māso: Phusso; Maghena niyutto māso: Māgho; Phagguṇiyā niyutto māso: Phagguno; Cittena niyutto māso: Citto; Visākhāya niyutto māso: Vesākho; Jeṭṭhāya niyutto māso: Jeṭṭho; Āsaḷhiyā niyutto māso: Āsaḷho; Savaṇena niyutto māso: Sāvaṇo; Bhaddena niyutto māso: Bhaddo; Assayujena niyutto māso: Assayujo.
[Verse:]
When there is a suffix with the indicatory letter ‘ṇ’ (paccaye saṇakārake), there is no (na) strengthening (vuddhi) of “nīla” (blue), “pīta” (yellow) and others (nīlapītādo); [there is no strengthening of the ‘u’ after] the letter ‘ph’ of the word “phussa”, and one should not say (na vade) “sirasa” (sirasaṃ) of “siro” [as in Māgasiro].
- Sikkhānaṃ samūho: sikkho (an aggregation of trainings). Bhikkhānaṃ samūho: bhikkho (an aggregation of alms food). Likewise: kapotānaṃ samūho: kāpoto (an aggregation of pigeons), mayūrānaṃ samūho: māyūro (an aggregation of peacocks), kokilānaṃ samūho: kokilo (an aggregation of cuckoos).
- Buddho assa devatā: buddho (one whose deity is the Buddha). Likewise: Bhaddo assa devatā: Bhaddo (one whose deity is Bhadda); Māro assa devatā: Māro (one whose deity is Māra); Mahindo assa devatā: Māhindo (one whose deity is Mahinda); Vessavaṇo assa devatā: Vessavaṇo (one whose deity is Vessavaṇa); Yamo assa devatā: Yāmo (one whose deity is Yama); Somo assa devatā: Somo (one whose deity is Soma); Nārāyaṇo assa devatā: Nārāyaṇo (one whose deity is Nārāyaṇa).
- Saṃvaccharam adhīte: saṃvaccharo (one who studies for a year). Likewise: muhuttaṃ adhīte: mohutto (one who studies the [astrological] moment); nimittaṃ adhīte: nemitto (one who studies signs/omens); aṅgavijjaṃ adhīte: aṅgavijjo (one who studies the science of the limbs); byākaraṇaṃ adhīte: veyyākaraṇo (a grammarian); chandaṃ adhīte: chando (one who studies prosody); Bhassaṃ adhīte: bhāsso (one who studies the book Bhāssa), Candaṃ adhīte: cando (one who studies the book Canda).
- Vasādānaṃ visayo deso: vāsādo (the region that is the domain of lions). Likewise: kumbhānaṃ visayo deso: kumbho (the region that is the domain of pots); sakuntānaṃ visayo deso: sākunto (the region that is the domain of birds); atisārānaṃ visayo deso: ātisāro.
- Udumbarā asmiṃ padese santī ti odumbaro (the region where there are fig trees). Sāgarehi nibbatto sāgaro (made by the [Sāgara] princes: the ocean). Sāgalam assa nivāso sāgalo (one whose dwelling is Sāgala). Mathurā assa nivāso māthuro (one whose dwelling is Mathurā). Mathurāya issaro māthuro (the lord of Mathurā). And so the remaining [cases] are to be formed.
Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.
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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.