Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 5 of 8
Tam adhīte tena-katādi sannidhāna-niyoga-sippa-bhaṇḍa-jīvikatthesu ca
And [there is ‘ṇika’ in the meanings of] “he studies that”, “done with that”, etc., in the meaning of location, occupation, skill, merchandise, and livelihood.
- Kaccāyana 351
- Rūpasiddhi 374
- Saddanīti 764
- Taddhita-Kappa · Aṭṭhama-Kaṇḍa
Text and translation
Read in the chapter →351. 374. Tam adhīte tena-katādi sannidhāna-niyoga-sippa-bhaṇḍa-jīvikatthesu ca (764)
Tam adhīte, tena katādi-atthe, tamhi sannidhānā, tattha niyutto, tam assa sippaṃ, tam assa bhaṇḍaṃ, tam assa jīvikaṃ icc etesv atthesu ca ṇikapaccayo hoti vā.
Vinayam adhīte Venayiko (Vin. i, 3), Vinayam adhīte vā. Evaṃ Suttantiko (Vin. i, 244), Ābhidhammiko (AbhA. i, 12), Veyyākaraṇiko.
Kāyena kataṃ kammaṃ kāyikaṃ (Abh. ii, 255), kāyena kataṃ kammaṃ vā. Evaṃ vācasikaṃ (Abh. ii, 255), mānasikaṃ.
Sarīre sannidhānā vedanā sārīrikā (M. i, 13, 300), sarīre sannidhānā vā. Evaṃ mānasikā.
Dvāre niyutto dovāriko (Khu. iii, 351), dvāre niyutto vā. Evaṃ bhaṇḍāgāriko (VinA. i, 310), nāgariko, nāvakammiko.
Vīṇā assa sippaṃ veṇiko, vīṇā assa sippaṃ vā. Evaṃ pāṇaviko, modiṅgiko, vaṃsiko.
Gandho assa bhaṇḍaṃ gandhiko (Khu. iii, 421), gandho assa bhaṇḍaṃ vā. Evaṃ teliko (Khu. iii, 421), goḷiko.
Urabbhaṃ hantvā jīvatī ti orabbhiko (M. ii, 6; A. i, 528; ii, 267), urabbhaṃ hantvā jīvati vā. Magaṃ hantvā jīvatī ti māgaviko (M. ii, 6; A. i, 528; ii, 267), magaṃ hantvā jīvati vā. Evaṃ sokariko (M. ii, 6; A. i, 528; ii, 267), sākuṇiko (M. ii, 6; A. i, 528; ii, 267).
Ādiggahaṇena aññatthā pi ṇikapaccayo yojetabbo. Jālena hato jāliko, jālena hato vā.
Suttena bandho suttiko, suttena bandho vā.
Cāpo assa āvudho cāpiko, cāpo assa āvudho vā. Evaṃ tomariko, muggariko, mosaliko.
Vāto assa ābādho vātiko, vāto assa ābādho vā. Evaṃ semhiko, pittiko.
Buddhe pasanno buddhiko, buddhe pasanno vā. Evaṃ dhammiko (Khu. i, 25), saṃghiko.
Buddhassa santakaṃ buddhikaṃ, buddhassa santakaṃ vā. Evaṃ dhammikaṃ, saṃghikaṃ (Vin. ii, 58, 202).
Vatthena kītaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ vatthikaṃ, vatthena kītaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ vā. Evaṃ kumbhikaṃ, phālikaṃ, kiṃkaṇikaṃ, sovaṇṇikaṃ.
Kumbho assa parimāṇaṃ kumbhikaṃ, kumbho assa parimāṇaṃ vā.
Kumbhassa rāsi kumbhikaṃ, kumbhassa rāsi vā.
Kumbhaṃ arahatī ti kumbhiko, kumbhaṃ arahati vā.
Akkhena dibbatī ti akkhiko, akkhena dibbati vā. Evaṃ sālākiko, tindukiko ambaphaliko, kapiṭṭhaphaliko, nāḷikeriko icc evamādi.
- Vinayam adhīte: Venayiko (he studies the Vinaya: a specialist in the Vinaya).
- Likewise: Suttantaṃ adhīte: Suttantiko (he studies the Suttanta: a specialist in the Suttanta), Abhidhammaṃ adhīte: Ābhidhammiko (he studies the Abhidhamma: a specialist in the Abhidhamma), Byākaraṇaṃ adhīte: Veyyākaraṇiko (he studies grammar: a grammarian).
- Kāyena kataṃ kammaṃ: kāyikaṃ (an action done with the body: bodily). Likewise: vācāya kataṃ kammaṃ: vācasikaṃ (an action done with speech: verbal), manasā kataṃ kammaṃ: mānasikaṃ (an action done with the mind: mental).
- Sarīre sannidhānā vedanā: sārīrikā (a feeling located in the body: bodily). Likewise: manasi sannidhānā vedanā: mānasikā (mental).
- Dvāre niyutto: dovāriko (occupied at the door: a gatekeeper). Likewise: bhaṇḍāgāre niyutto: bhaṇḍāgāriko (occupied in the treasury: a treasurer), nagare niyutto: nāgariko (occupied in the city: a city officer/citizen), navakamme niyutto: nāvakammiko (occupied in new work).
- Vīṇā assa sippaṃ: veṇiko (his skill is the lute: a lute player). Likewise: paṇavo assa sippaṃ: pāṇaviko (his skill is the drum: a drummer), mudiṅgo assa sippaṃ: modiṅgiko (his skill is the small drum: a small-drum player), vaṃso assa sippaṃ: vaṃsiko (his skill is the flute: a flute player).
- Gandho assa bhaṇḍaṃ: gandhiko (his merchandise is perfume: a perfume seller). Likewise: telaṃ assa bhaṇḍaṃ: teliko (his merchandise is oil: an oil seller), guḷo assa bhaṇḍaṃ: goḷiko (his merchandise is molasses: a molasses seller).
- Urabbhaṃ hantvā jīvatī ti orabbhiko (he lives by killing rams: a butcher of sheep).
- Magaṃ hantvā jīvatī ti māgaviko (he lives by killing wild animals: a hunter).
- Likewise: sūkaraṃ hantvā jīvatī ti sokariko (he lives by killing pigs: a pork butcher), sakuṇaṃ hantvā jīvatī ti sākuṇiko (he lives by killing birds: a fowler).
By taking ‘ādi’, the suffix ‘ṇika’ can be employed also in other meanings.
- Jālena hato: jāliko (killed with a net).
- Suttena bandho: suttiko (bound with a string).
- Cāpo assa āvudho: cāpiko (his weapon is the bow: an archer). Likewise: tomaro assa āvudho: tomariko (his weapon is the spear: a spearman), muggaro assa āvudho: muggariko (his weapon is the club: a club-bearer), musalo assa āvudho: mosaliko (his weapon is the pestle).
- Vāto assa ābādho: vātiko (his disease is wind). Likewise: semhaṃ assa ābādho: semhiko (his disease is phlegm), pittaṃ assa ābādho: pittiko (his disease is bile).
- Buddhe pasanno: buddhiko (he has faith in the Buddha). Likewise: Dhamme pasanno: dhammiko (he has faith in the Dhamma), Saṃghe pasanno: saṃghiko (he has faith in the Saṃgha).
- Buddhassa santakaṃ: buddhikaṃ (the property of the Buddha). Likewise: Dhammassa santakaṃ: dhammikaṃ (the property of the Dhamma), Saṃghassa santakaṃ: saṃghikaṃ (the property of the Saṃgha).
- Vatthena kītaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ: vatthikaṃ (merchandise bought with cloth). Likewise: kumbhena kītaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ: kumbhikaṃ (merchandise bought with a water-pot), phalena kītaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ: phālikaṃ (merchandise bought with fruit), kiṃkaṇena kītaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ: kiṃkaṇikaṃ (merchandise bought with a kind of bell), suvaṇṇena kītaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ: sovaṇṇikaṃ (merchandise bought with gold).
- Kumbho assa parimāṇaṃ: kumbhikaṃ (its measure is a kumbha).
- Kumbhassa rāsi: kumbhikaṃ (a pile of water-pots).
- Kumbhaṃ arahatī ti kumbhiko (that which is worth a kumbha).
- Akkhena dibbatī ti akkhiko (he plays with dice: a dice player). Likewise: salākena dibbatī ti sālākiko (he plays with bamboo sticks), tindukena dibbatī ti tindukiko (he plays with [the fruits of] the tinduka tree), ambaphalena dibbatī ti ambaphaliko (he plays with mangoes), kapiṭṭhaphalena dibbatī ti kapiṭṭhaphaliko (he plays with the fruits of the kapiṭṭha tree), nāḷikerena dibbatī ti nāḷikeriko (he plays with coconuts), and so on.
Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.
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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.