Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 6 of 8

§517

Kvaci dhātu-vibhatti-paccayānaṃ dīgha-viparīt’-ādesa-lop’-āgamā ca

And sometimes [there are] lengthening, reversal, substitution, elision and insertion of the roots, of the inflections and of the suffixes.

Text and translation

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517. 488. Kvaci dhātu-vibhatti-paccayānaṃ dīgha-viparīt’-ādesa-lop’-āgamā ca (1105)

[Kvaci + dhātu-vibhatti-paccayānaṃ + dīgha-viparīta-ādesa-lopa-āgamā + ca = 4 words]

Idha ākhyāte aniddiṭṭhesu sādhanesu kvaci dhātu-vibhatti-paccayānaṃ dīgha viparīt’ ādesa lop’ āgama icc etāni kāriyāni jinavacanānurūpāni kātabbāni.

Jāyati (Khu. i, 23), kareyya (Khu. vii, 334), jāniyā, siyā (M. i, 62), kare (Khu. vii, 109), gacche (Khu. vii, 391), jaññā (Khu. v, 78), vakkhetha, dakkhetha, dicchati, agacchi, agacchuṃ, ahosi (VinA. i, 6), ahesuṃ (VinA. i, 7) icc evamādīni aññāni pi sādhanāni yojetabbāni.

And sometimes [there are] lengthening, reversal, substitution, elision and insertion of the roots, of the inflections and of the suffixes.
Here, in the [chapter of the] verb, in the formations that have not been shown, sometimes these operations are to be done to the roots, to the inflections and to the suffixes –lengthening, reversal, substitution, elision and insertion–, according to the Word of the Victorious One.
Examples
  1. Jāyati (arises), kareyya ([he] should do), jāniyā ([he] may know), siyā (may be), kare ([he] should do), gacche ([he] should go), jaññā ([he] may know), vakkhetha (you would speak), dakkhetha (you would see), dicchati ([he] sees), agacchi ([he] came), agacchuṃ ([they] came), ahosi (was), ahesuṃ ([they] were).

Thus also the other formations should be formed.

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.