Pāḷi Grammars
ES

Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 5 of 8

§400

Vuddh’ ādisarassa vā ’saṃyogantassa saṇe ca

And when there is [a suffix] with the ‘ṇ’ [indicatory letter], [there is] strengthening of the initial vowel that does not end in a conjunct consonant.

Text and translation

Read in the chapter →

400. 364. Vuddh’ ādisarassa vā ’saṃyogantassa saṇe ca (847)

[Vuddhi + ādisarassa + vā + a-saṃyoga-antassa + saṇe + ca = 6 words]

Ādisarassa vā asaṃyogantassa ādibyañjanassa vā sarassa vuddhi hoti saṇakārake paccaye pare.

Ābhidhammiko (AbhA. i, 12; JA. i, 234), Venateyyo (Khu. v, 204), Vāsiṭṭho (Vin ii, 11), ālasyaṃ (A. iii, 364), ārogyaṃ (D. i, 69).

Asaṃyogantasse ti kimatthaṃ? Bhaggavo (M. ii, 242; iii, 281; JA. ii, 73), Manteyyo, Kunteyyo.

And when there is [a suffix] with the ‘ṇ’ [indicatory letter], [there is] strengthening of the initial vowel that does not end in a conjunct consonant.
When a suffix with the [indicatory] letter ‘ṇ’ follows, there is strengthening of the initial vowel that does not end in a conjunct consonant, or of the vowel of the initial consonant.
Examples
  1. Abhidhammaṃ adhīte: Ābhidhammiko (he studies the Abhidhamma: one who studies the Abhidhamma).
  2. Vinatāya apaccaṃ: Venateyyo (the offspring of Vinatā).
  3. Vasiṭṭhassa apaccaṃ: Vāsiṭṭho (the offspring of Vasiṭṭha).
  4. Alasassa bhāvo: ālasyaṃ (the state of the lazy one: laziness).
  5. Arogassa bhāvo: ārogyaṃ (the state of absence of disease: health).

What is the purpose of saying “asaṃyogantassa” (that does not end in a conjunct consonant)? [To prevent the operation of this rule in cases like]: Bhaggussa apaccaṃ: Bhaggavo (the offspring of Bhaggu), Mantiyā apaccaṃ: Manteyyo (the offspring of Manti), Kuntiyā apaccaṃ: Kunteyyo (the offspring of Kunti), [where there is a conjunct consonant].

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

Where it is cited

Drafts

Ask about §400

Questions are asked from the analysis following Visuddhāyuṃ (draft): the answer uses this sutta's row and the project's sources. It is for enrolled students and requires signing in.

Ask about §400 →

Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.