Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 6 of 8

§441

Tassa cavagga-yakāra-vakārattaṃ sadhātvantassa

That [‘ya’], together with the end of the root, [changes] to the state of the letters of the ‘ca’ group, of ‘y’ and of ‘v’.

Text and translation

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441. 447. Tassa cavagga-yakāra-vakārattaṃ sadhātvantassa (921)

[Tassa + cavagga-yakāra-vakārattaṃ + sa-dhātvantassa = 3 words]

Tassa yapaccayassa cavagga-yakāra-vakārattaṃ hoti dhātūnaṃ antena saha yathāsambhavaṃ.

Vuccate, vuccante, uccate, uccante, paccate, paccante. Majjate, majjante, yujjate, yujjante. Bujjhate, bujjhante, kujjhate, kujjhante, ujjhate, ujjhante. Haññate, haññante. Kayyate, kayyante. Dibbate, dibbante.

That [‘ya’], together with the end of the root, [changes] to the state of the letters of the ‘ca’ group, of ‘y’ and of ‘v’.
That suffix ‘ya’, together with the end of the roots, changes –as the case may be– to the state of the letters of the ‘ca’ group, of ‘y’ and of ‘v’.
Examples
  1. Vuccate, vuccante; uccate, uccante (it is said; they are said); paccate, paccante (it is cooked; they are cooked).
  2. Majjate, majjante (it is rubbed; they are rubbed); yujjate, yujjante (it is engaged; they are engaged).
  3. Bujjhate, bujjhante (it is known; they are known); kujjhate, kujjhante (he is angry; they are angry); ujjhate, ujjhante (it is forsaken; they are forsaken).
  4. Haññate, haññante (it is killed; they are killed).
  5. Kayyate, kayyante (it is done; they are done).
  6. Dibbate, dibbante (it is played; they are played).

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.