Pāḷi Grammars
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Kaccāyana-Byākaraṇaṃ · chapter 4 of 8

§341

Aṃ vibhattīnam akārantā abyayībhāvā

After an adverbial compound that ends in ‘a’, the inflections become ‘aṃ’.

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341. 336. Aṃ vibhattīnam akārantā abyayībhāvā (733)

[Aṃ + vibhattīnaṃ + akārantā + abyayībhāvā = 4 words]

Tasmā akārantā abyayībhāvasamāsā parāsaṃ vibhattīnaṃ kvaci aṃ hoti.

Adhicittaṃ (Vin. iii, 278; A. i, 232, 238); yathāvuḍḍhaṃ (JA. i, 234; VinA. i, 10); upakumbhaṃ; yāvajīvaṃ (Vin. i, 27; iii, 63, 133); tiropabbataṃ (D. i, 73; M. i, 41; A. i, 170); tiropākāraṃ (Vin. ii, 348); tirokuṭṭaṃ (D. i, 74; A. i, 170); antopāsādaṃ.

Kvacī ti kimatthaṃ? Adhicittassa bhikkhuno.

After an adverbial compound that ends in ‘a’, the inflections become ‘aṃ’.
Sometimes, after an adverbial compound that ends in ‘a’, the following inflections become ‘aṃ’.
Examples
  1. Adhicittaṃ (higher mind).
  2. Yathāvuḍḍhaṃ (according to seniority).
  3. Upakumbhaṃ (the talk that arose near the water pot).
  4. Yāvajīvaṃ (as long as life lasts).
  5. Tiropabbataṃ (across the mountain).
  6. Tiropākāraṃ (across the encircling wall).
  7. Tirokuṭṭaṃ (beyond the wall).
  8. Antopāsādaṃ (inside the mansion).

What is the purpose of saying “kvaci” (sometimes)? [To allow exceptions to this sutta, as in:] Of the higher mind (adhicittassa) of the bhikkhu (bhikkhuno).

Without the footnotes: they are on the chapter card.

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Pāḷi text and English translation by Bhikkhu Nandisena; edition, apparatus and glossary by the Instituto de Estudios Buddhistas Hispano (IEBH). This material may be reproduced for personal use and distributed free of charge. Copyright © 2026 IEBH. Published under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21948010.